The Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis
The first language system interferes with the second language system.
Structural analysis on the two language would enable teachers to predict the difficulties in acquiring second language.
It is quite common to detect where the speaker is from just by listening to his/her accent.
e.g.) French
Ladies and gentlemen
Chris Roberts
Low-tech tools
Map, globes
High-tech tools
Three computers
CD player, drum
*Overhead projector, white board, video
-A point of sameness
Emphasize responsibility for understanding the impact of use, and reliance on, technology in the work-place and society
1…identify and capitalize on the ICT advances of proven value
2…invest in powerful but not-yet
“All human beings have a need for Phatic communion (Malinowski, 1923)
Focuses on how people explain the causes of their own successes and failures
Very personal, egoistic nature of SLA
Learners take on a new identity with their newly acquired competence
→ SLA involves some degree of identity conflict
Guiora et al. (1972):
a direct relationship between inhibition
and pronunciatio
learner-centered learning environment.
2. While they are doing the team work, there can be free-riders. It is not guaranteed that all the students equally participate in the group working.
The teacher needs to monitor the process that the students are going through. Or peer evaluation among the group members can take place in order to prevent the free-riders.
3. Since students ha
learners.
online class in school is a new form of teaching and learning activities that are performed through remote medical communication, such as learning by learners and education providers, which can be learned at any time, self-directed learning by learners, self-administered self-learning and individual learning by learners, organized video, print, computer, etc. that is developedIt has ch
as cognitive style. When cognitive styles are specifically related an educational context, where affective and physiological factors are intermingled, they are usually more generally referred to as learning styles. Studies of learning style bring important variables to the forefront. Such styles can contribute significantly to the construction of a unified theory of second language acquisition.
Reflect the use of the linguistic system itself
Sociolinguistic Competence
: the knowledge of the sociocultural rules of language and of discourse.
Strategic Competence
: the verbal and nonverbal communication strategies that may be called into action to compensate for breakdowns in communication due to performance variables or due to insufficient competence
(Canale & Swain)
1. Descriptive or prescriptive theories of instruction
Theories of instruction is for providing lesson more effectively. Instruction can be classified as a design, development, implement, administration, evaluation. Design is planning for things about instruction overall. To designate design process, at first, character of learner is recognized. Then content for learning, learning progress have
As learning is continuous alteration of personnel fulfillment, that comes of interaction between learner and environment covered them. In other words, a learning theory is integrated and systematic view about quality of process that interact with environment to improve ability to utilize themselves and environment. By turns from making a learning theory, it can classify into Behaviorism, Cognitiv